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初赛题目 汉译英
付费就能得到知识吗？
很多知识付费软件鼓励你晒出自己的学习时间，帮你排名，1000小时以上的学习，多少书籍的阅读给了你心理上的满足感。但这些指标其实是你的付出，不代表你的收获。信息与知识，一是零散的内容，一是结构化的有使用价值的体系。如何有效利用知识付费内容获取知识不是获取信息，希望以下内容可以帮助到你。
首先，问出一个好问题和找到一个答案，哪个更重要？问出一系列好问题就是获得知识的开始。一种知识能够起到作用一定是建立在现有的认识体系和现有的知识之上的，一种知识要想转化为能力需要不断去实践，这种实践可以是将知识付诸行动，例如学习了英语课程是需要去和外国人交流。没有实践环节知识不能转化为一种能力。
其次，真正有用的不是知识，是解答问题的能力，而探索能力和答案是否正确没有太大关系。好的老师鼓励好的问题，问题本身体现了学生对专项内容的理解及思考的深度。在今天这个社会飞速变化的时代，很多问题没有答案，或者说没有标准答案。如何高效获得信息，将信息整理加工成一种对可能性的预判是真正的能力所在。
最后，无疑知识付费的年代提供了大量可以学习提升的机会，需要根据个人的兴趣，搭建一个知识体系，这才是每个人需要持之以恒坚持的事。
初赛题目 英译汉
The Global Fertility Gap
Far from having too many children, many women in developing countries, like their peers in the rich world, are actually having too few: that is, fewer children than they’d like to have.
This claim may seem strange: we’re used to hearing about the problem of excessively high fertility in Africa, or the unmet need for contraception. But while unintended or undesired pregnancies are indeed concerningly high in many developing countries, where contraceptive access could be improved, that’s only part of the story. At the same time, total fertility has often plummeted rapidly, even falling below desired fertility.
This claim has been nearly impossible to prove in the past for the simple reason that data on desired or ideal fertility has been hard to come by. None of the major international databases on fertility include any systematic, worldwide collection of data on fertility preferences. In layman’s terms, nobody has been systematically recording how many children women around the world actually want to have. This is shocking since women’s childbearing desires and ideals are widely recognized to have a big influence on fertility behaviors , and because governments and NGOs spend tens of billions of dollars every year on family planning programs domestically and abroad. But alas, around the world, policies intended to enhance reproductive rights and enable family planning are often enacted without any consideration of what women actually say they desire.
I have compiled a database from numerous sources on the average number of children a woman of childbearing age in a given country says is ideal to have. The exact question varies somewhat across time and country, but I have tried to focus on personal ideals to the extent possible. I generally prefer questions like, “If you had enough resources for it, how many children would be ideal for you, personally, to have?” Where questions about personal ideals aren’t available, I include general ideals. I do not include questions about intentions to maintain comparability. Overall, I have 727 data points, covering 141 countries, derived from 86 sources, reported in 63 different years, ranging from 1936 to 2018. That may sound like a lot, but the World Bank’s database on fertility has over 11,000 data points. In other words, even with numerous sources, I can only produce a very small database of fertility preferences compared to databases on actual fertility.
决赛题目 汉译英
避免技术异化教育
有了互联网技术，将它充分且有效地运用于教学是理所当然的。但任何技术都是把双刃剑，直播课堂也不例外。
放在教育均衡的视野下，互联网技术可以通过更大范围的信息传播，使得原本不均衡的两地教育变得更均衡，让更多的人享受更加优质的教育资源；同时，如果这种技术使用的方向或者目的发生了偏差，就很可能在客观上压抑了相对落后地区教师的自主教学和成长，一段时间后反而可能拉大了两地的教育差距。
正因如此，对互联网、大数据、人工智能在教育上的运用，都要不仅仅看到好处、看到进步，同样需要思考它可能带来的负效应，防患于未然，因为教育关乎人的命运、关乎社会进步，容不得随意“试错”。
应该看到，教育本身的内在逻辑远比互联网和人工智能复杂。互联网是教育的手段和工具，这决定了“互联网+教育”时，只能遵从教育的规律，而不是互联网的规律。远程教学也好，大数据分析也好，技术手段最终都要服务于教育的本质。
在教育领域使用现代信息技术时，尤其要注意遵循人的成长规律，尊重天性，教学相长，让学生的能力得到更多元的发展，成为更好的自己，创造更美好的社会。
决赛题目 英译汉
Rejection Makes Your Life Better
As an extension of our positivity/consumer culture, many of us have been“indoctrinated” with the belief that we should try to be as inherently accepting and affirmative as possible. This is a cornerstone of many of the so-called positive thinking books: open yourself up to opportunities, be accepting, say yes to everything and everyone, and so on.
But we need to reject something. Otherwise, we stand for nothing. If nothing is better or more desirable than anything else, then we are empty and our life is meaningless. We are without values and therefore live our life without any purpose.
The avoidance of rejection (both giving and receiving it) is often sold to us as a way to make ourselves feel better. But avoiding rejection gives us short-term pleasure by making us rudderless and directionless in the long term.
To truly appreciate something, you must confine yourself to it. There's a certain level of joy and meaning that you reach in life only when you've spent decades investing in a single relationship, a single craft, a single career. And you cannot achieve those decades of investment without rejecting the alternatives.
The act of choosing a value for yourself requires rejecting alternative values. If I choose to make my marriage the most important part of my life, that means I'm (probably) choosing not to make cocaine-fueled hooker orgies an important part of my life. If I'm choosing to judge myself based on my ability to have open and accepting friendships, that means I'm rejecting trashing my friends behind their backs. These are all healthy decisions, yet they require rejection at every turn.
The point is this: we all must give a fuck about something, in order to value something. And to value something, we must reject what is not that something. To value X, we must reject non-X.
That rejection is an inherent and necessary part of maintaining our values, and therefore our identity. We are defined by what we choose to reject. And if we reject nothing (perhaps in fear of being rejected by something ourselves), we essentially have no identity at all.
The desire to avoid rejection at all costs, to avoid confrontation and conflict, the desire to attempt to accept everything equally and to make everything cohere and harmonize, is a deep and subtle form of entitlement. Entitled people, because they feel as though they deserve to feel great all the time, avoid rejecting anything because doing so might make them or someone else feel bad. And because they refuse to reject anything, they live a valueless, pleasure-driven, and self-absorbed life. All they give a fuck about is sustaining the high a little bit longer, to avoid the inevitable failures of their life, to pretend the suffering away.
Rejection is an important and crucial life skill.
(责任编辑：jingsai) |
